Satellite imagery shows that North Korea has completed a new maritime pier at its main rocket launch facility, the Sohae Satellite Launching Station, according to satellite operator ICEYE. The pier, designed to handle larger rocket components than those previously transported by rail, could support the development of longer-range rockets. ICEYE noted that the construction, which began over two years ago, enhances the site's logistical capacity. A July 9 image shows the pier with a newly built jetty and docked vessels, suggesting it may already be operational.

North Korean leader Kim Jong Un ordered upgrades to the Sohae site in 2022, aiming to expand its capabilities for launching a variety of rockets, including those designed to carry military spy satellites. The site has previously been used to launch satellites and test rocket engines and space launch vehicles—technology that U.S. and South Korean officials say is similar to that used in intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs).

Commercial satellite imagery from Planet Labs between December and July also confirmed the pier’s development. Expansion of road and rail infrastructure is ongoing, according to 38 North, a U.S.-based North Korea monitoring group. North Korea’s latest spy satellite launch attempt in May 2024 failed, but Kim remains committed to the project, calling it vital for national defense. The country successfully placed its first spy satellite in orbit in November 2023. South Korean officials believe Russia may be assisting North Korea’s space program in return for military support in Ukraine.