The Indian Air Force (IAF) and the French Air and Space Force have initiated Exercise Garuda-25, the eighth edition of their bilateral air exercise, held at Mont-de-Marsan Air Base in France from November 16 to 27, 2025. This prestigious joint exercise marks over two decades of growing defence cooperation and aims to sharpen the operational synergy between the two air forces by engaging in highly realistic and complex combat simulations.

For Garuda-25, the IAF has deployed its Su-30MKI multirole fighter jets supported by IL-78 air-to-air refuelling tankers and the C-17 Globemaster III for logistical airlift during induction and de-induction phases. These aircraft operate alongside the French Air and Space Force’s Rafale and other multirole fighters, allowing pilots to engage in diverse air combat scenarios, which include air-to-air combat, air defence missions, and coordinated joint strike operations.

This iteration of Exercise Garuda goes beyond basic drills by emphasizing the refinement of tactics, techniques, and procedures under a realistic operational environment. The exercise fosters mutual learning and interoperability, crucial for joint warfighting and enhancing combat readiness. Moreover, it serves as a platform for professional exchanges where both forces share operational knowledge, best practices, and contemporary air combat strategies.

The deployment of assets like the IL-78 refuellers significantly extends the range and endurance of the participating fighter aircraft, enabling prolonged missions that simulate real combat conditions. By conducting operations that integrate advanced training techniques and network-centric warfare doctrines, Garuda-25 enhances the strategic partnership between India and France, demonstrating a commitment to maintaining a rules-based international order and cooperative defence collaboration.

In addition to boosting tactical proficiency, this exercise signals the importance of sustained defence ties between the two countries and showcases the capability of the IAF to project air power globally alongside a key strategic partner. Past editions of Garuda have set a strong precedent, and this exercise continues to build on that foundation by addressing evolving aerial combat threats and ensuring preparedness for joint operations in complex threat environments. Exercise Garuda-25 is a testament to the deepening defence relationship between India and France, reinforcing their readiness to operate in tandem during future joint military engagements and underscoring the value of multinational military collaborations in modern air warfare.