China is rapidly expanding its use of artificial intelligence to monitor online conversations, manipulate public opinion, and tighten political control, according to a new report by a US-based tech and security watchdog. The report highlights how Chinese authorities are integrating advanced AI tools into their already vast surveillance network, marking a major escalation in state-driven information control. Investigators found that government agencies across multiple provinces have been purchasing sophisticated AI systems capable of tracking trending discussions, identifying influential users, and automatically generating propaganda to steer public debate. These systems can also flag “negative sentiment,” enabling authorities to swiftly censor or counter narratives that are seen as politically sensitive.

Researchers warn that this model of AI-powered censorship poses a global concern. As Chinese companies export surveillance technology abroad, other authoritarian governments may adopt similar tools to silence critics and manipulate national discourse. The report details contracts between Chinese tech vendors and local propaganda departments, showing that many tools are explicitly designed to “guide” public opinion, surveil social media platforms, and detect early signs of dissent. Some systems can analyze millions of posts in seconds, enabling real-time political monitoring on an unprecedented scale.

Beijing has long defended its censorship policies as necessary for “social stability,” but critics argue that the new AI-driven approach threatens civil liberties more than ever. They warn that as AI models become more advanced, distinguishing between genuine public opinion and state-manufactured narratives will become increasingly difficult.

The findings raise concerns among global rights groups, who view China’s approach as a blueprint for digital authoritarianism. They argue that without international scrutiny and stronger protections for online freedoms, AI could become a central tool for governments seeking to exert total control over information.